NAD+

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is an essential coenzyme present in all living cells that plays a central role in cellular energy metabolism. It functions as a key electron carrier in redox reactions, helping convert nutrients into usable cellular energy (ATP) within the mitochondria.

In scientific research, NAD+ is widely studied for its involvement in metabolic regulation, DNA repair, and cell signaling processes. It is also a critical cofactor for enzymes such as sirtuins and PARPs, which are associated with aging, stress resistance, and genomic stability.

Levels of NAD+ naturally decline with age, which has led to extensive research into its potential role in aging biology, neuroprotection, and metabolic health. As a result, NAD+ is a major focus in studies exploring cellular longevity, energy balance, and overall physiological resilience.